Monday, March 31, 2008

Parliamentary Democracy : Is it suitable for issue based politics ?

A recurring question that often puzzles me is whether democracy is the best form of governance or not. I recall various discussions I had with my friends and family and the conclusion is always the same: It’s not the best but better than the rest. Seeing democracy in India morphing more or less into Kleptocracy , I began to wonder if the existing parliamentary democracy is indeed better than the rest. In the absence of any strong ideological differences, democracy in India does not differ much from temporary chiefdom where the elected head of the government decides on everything for the duration of his/her tenure. The problem I see in our political system is, it makes an underlying assumption that once a person is elected by a majority of the people all the decisions he makes have the mandate of the majority of the people. Though individual ministers are supposed to take decisions that reflect the ideology of the party they need not reflect the mandate of the people on a particular issue. In the present scheme of things there is no way for citizens to express their mandate on individual issues. Further, segregating the country/state based on constituencies and electing a representative for a constituency does not help if the majority of the issues are not related to constituency but related to policies. As envisioned with better decentralization of power, decisions that affect a locality should be made by local bodies. The ideal role of an MLA or an MP in a democracy is to make policy decisions. Why should representatives who make policy decisions be chosen based on a constituency when most of the decisions they make or not specific to a constituency. Most of the decisions taken by MLAs/MPS in state legislatures are on issues related to various ministries. The representatives of the people who are not ministers generally toe the line of the party they belong to and hence do not affect any decision making. The only decision makers are the council of ministers. In such a scenario why do we not directly elect the council of ministers ? By directly electing council of ministers, citizens are not forced to choose a single party. I will be able to vote for Dr. Manmohan Singh as finance minister and Jaswant singh as external affairs ministers. Wouldn’t this be a better form of governance than the existing one where the MLAs/MPs control everything that they ought not to and toe the party line for real issues and the citizens are not forced to choose a single party ?